Come with me to think about thee.
If you want to sound like you’re from the distant past, one effective way is to just say thee instead of you. It has that instant ring to it, because nobody today uses it in casual speech. Thee has a good buddy named thou, and if you hear one used in conversation, you’re very likely to hear the other if you listen long enough.
Thou was the subject, and thee was the object, if thou seeest what I mean. You may be nodding to yourself, thinking I understand thee.
Nobody really uses this word any more—nobody with English as their primary language, anyway. However, thee is one of those words that traces all the way back to a common root with an incredibly widely used word in other languages.
That common word is te or ti or tu. You might know it from Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, or French, where this cousin of thee lives on.
Actually, the cousins of both thee and thou live on in Romance languages. Like the original Latin, they offer an object and subject version of you. Te amo, you might say in Spanish. Tú hablas español, I might say to you.
Te and tú; thee and thou.
Now, if you read any Shakespeare, you will know that thee and thou were still in common use during the early modern era. You had not yet replaced them (not that you, you!), but it was already a part of English by way of its Germanic roots.
In fact, some version of you exists in all those Romance languages I mentioned earlier. They too share a PIE (Proto-Indo-European) origin word, and this one means a plural group of humans you want to address (think you guys or y’all or yous). In French, the plural for you is vous—a descendant from that same root word that became you.
Also with French, if you want to show respect for someone’s status or title, you’d address them with this plural form, vous. This gives the word a great deal more heft in the minds of the listener and speaker. “Voulez-vous coucher avec moi” might come across a little slimy, but you’re probably a lot better off than if you use tu instead.
By the time of Old English, these Proto-Germanic roots had morphed into ġē and ēow (ye and you). This added layer of formality stuck with English, too: if you were addressing several people, you’d use you, and if you were addressing someone important, then there you was, and there you were using it in that same manner.
Politeness creep took care of the rest, and over time, it fell out of fashion to use the ruder, cruder versions of you. That meant the singular forms went away, so you had to work double duty from now on.
Since French is one of the official languages of Canada, I have taken courses ranging from elementary to university on it. I envy the romantic languages because having subject and object versions of "you" makes it clearer to know when one is addressing a single person or a larger group. Because English uses "you" to refer to both single people and groups, I get confused when it used whether or not the speaker is referring to me personally or not. (Must be an autistic thing.)
And then, of course, French as spoken in the main Canadian province where it is the dominant language- Quebec- is very different from how it is spoken in France and elsewhere...
In Danish, "you" is "du" (or "De" if you're very respectful to an older person but it's honestly never used these days - I think even an older person would take offense that you're "aging" them by using it.)
In Russian, it's "ты" (very hard to write the correct sound in English using available letters - it's a bit like "tee" but rougher - Google does a good job of showing the pronunciation.)
In Ukrainian, it's "ти" (which is spelled differently but pronounced essentially the same as the Russian version.)
So it looks like the roots of all of them go to the same place.